In my case it has been mostly an old cassette itself.
Try a good high quality, newer cassette and if the noise goes away you'll know it was the cassette or tape inside the cassette housing, making all that noise.
Most squealing noise is caused by the dry tape in contact with the rollers.
I have swapped internal guts from a cheap cassette to an expensive housing - just so I can play it once, and importantly to record the contents onto a better quality cassette and then tossed the original.
Good luck to you,