The symptoms (except for that odd "mono/stereo" hum issue) appears to be from a bad platter spindle/bearing. My Pro-ject was the same problem. I could actual feel the "rumble" when spinning the platter by hand. After removing the belt. The rumble varied feel and pitch with the speed at which you turned the freed platter. Does your turntable's noise sound different, at 45 RPMs, than 33?
I came to the conclusion a new and better bronze or maybe aftermarket sealed ball-bearing assembly would be needed to be pressed into the unit, to rid the turntable of the noise. This would be a complete DIY project (sorry about that pun).
I mic'ed the platter's spindle shaft OD. But, I gave that info to the guy at work, who got the unit --- for free. I couldn't really charge him, for a defective turntable. BTW... I bought the Pro-ject over-built PS hoping that that would reduce the background noise, as the turntable had hum on top of rumble. It didn't work, either.
The biggest reason for all of this attempts at fixing, is my old, old Sony 2251 is so quiet, that I nearly blast myself out of the room, when cranking the volume --- during dead blank vinyl sections --- to listen for any noise. So, I knew my AC line was clean (I have it connected to a mil spec Ultra-Isolation transformer). And I wasn't picking up any EMF junk from computers or cell phones. I could never get the Pro-ject to be quiet.
