Heimat
Heimweh
Geborgenheit
Gemütlichkeit
These words can't be translated into English exactly. Geborgenheit, for example. This is not just "security", it is much more. In order to get an idea, Geborgenheit is what an embryo may experience in the womb of its mother. Warmth is in Geborgenheit. And more...
Are there English words losing a lot of their meaning by being translated into German?
Dutch culture and language have similarities, my take on the mentioned words:
Heimat and gemütlichkeit don't fully translate to any other language I think.
For gemütlichkeit us Dutchies have 'gezelligheid' and the Danish 'hygge', which captures a similar meaning, but not the same.
You only 'get' the full meaning of the word when you've lived amongst Germans or in Germany for a while, as it describes a feeling you need to have lived imho.
Heimat is just a bit broader than any synonym in another language, such as 'homeland' in English.
Geborgenheid is (also) a Dutch word the closest English word would be sheltered, but not covering the meaning quite correctly.
Heimwee is a Dutch word as well, the English word homesick means the same from my Dutch perspective.
In general:
I only read your opening post next to the last ones in this thread, cool that you sharing your personal journey with the English language.
I don't know where you currently stand yet in that journey, but it is a conundrum, isn't it: having to practice speech to become fluent, whilst not having the right level yet to feel confident to practice.
I have several Dutch friends who are living in Germany and all their German friends push themselves to speak English when we are together with a multinational group, huge respect to them! All of them are good examples of practice breeding mastery I can say. For some of them it was genuinely hard, but they pushed on!
I'm also always amazed that they don't laugh to my face when I try my 'ferien Deutsch' on them.