The Polydome K was from the original Kappa series and the Kappa Polydome was from the .1 Kappas. AFAIK they should be the same electronically speaking, but the mold of the frame of the Kappa Polydome is a little different than the Polydome K. I seem to remember that the Kappa Polydome does not allow the backwave to pass through, thus not allowing for the dipole function in the original Kappas, but I am not 100% certain on that.
There seem to be two varieties of each. There is actually a version of the smaller diameter Polydome first seen in the RS series, that is also labeled "Polydome K", as well as the more common one used in the Kappas. A later version of the Kappa Polydome had a mesh behind the driver to help prevent damage to the diaphragm.
HTH,
Rob