"On the morning of February 18, 1977, at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base in California, a Boeing 747 did something no airliner had ever done before. With the 150,000-pound Space Shuttle Enterprise strapped to its back, Aircraft Commander Fitzhugh "Fitz" Fulton and his crew pushed the throttles forward and lifted the most extraordinary combination of flying machines the world had ever seen into the sky. Nobody was aboard Enterprise. The orbiter was unpowered and sealed shut. Over the next two hours and five minutes, the mated pair climbed to 16,000 feet, reached 287 mph, and handled remarkably well.
The 747, call sign NASA 905, was originally built for American Airlines in 1970 and flew passengers on domestic routes before NASA acquired it in 1974. Engineers stripped the interior, reinforced the fuselage, bolted mounting struts to the top, and upgraded the engines. Enterprise itself was never built to fly in space. It had no engines and no functional heat shield. But it was the pathfinder that proved the entire Space Shuttle concept could work. That first captive flight led to four more unmanned tests, then crewed flights, and finally on August 12, 1977, astronauts Fred Haise and Gordon Fullerton separated Enterprise from the 747 at 24,250 feet and glided it to a landing on the dry lakebed below.
Enterprise was originally supposed to be named Constitution, but more than 100,000 Star Trek fans wrote letters to the White House, and President Gerald Ford made the call to rename it. Today, Enterprise sits at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York City, and NASA 905 is on display at Space Center Houston. Forty-nine years ago today, they flew together for the first time and proved that the impossible was just an engineering problem waiting to be solved."