Regarding the issues of weight and bearing wear... it really depends upon the turntable.
An over-engineered model with a heavy-duty bearing will not break a sweat, and will not suffer undue wear, from using a weight or clamp. For example, the motor and bearing in my GT-2000 were built with a large margin of safety, because the manufacturer intended all along to offer a heavier, optional gun-metal platter (which they did). The bearing need not be changed when changing to this heavier platter, because the bearing was designed to take the added weight easily. So I do not worry about using a weight on that TT, especially with the original platter; even with the weight added, I'm well below the limit of what it was designed to handle.
Where trouble usually arises in using weights is with TTs that have suspended sub-platters. The added weight will throw the suspension way off. A lightweight clamp is almost the only way to go with these, as it allows you to get a flattening of the record (to reduce warpage) and strong coupling of the record and platter, without adding much weight. Since these TTs often don't have the most robust bearings, it is safer for the bearings, too.
Two things to check before using a weight are (1) how robust is the bearing? and (2) how much torque does the motor have? The more torque, the more easily it will be able to move the added mass. When in doubt about either of these points, it is safer to use a lighter-weight weight, or (even safer) a lightweight clamp.
Of course, nothing has been said in this thread about the other form of record weight; ring clamps. A whole other issue...