Here's a picture while I was waiting on the replacement tweeter:
As you can see, this was also before I did a little more work cleaning up the excess glue. I still see some spots I would like to go over again, but I can't use anything strong enough to compromise the woofer or the glue on the basket, so I'll probably just leave it alone. I'm going to run them with grills anyway, so I'm the only one who will even know.
Here's a pic of the finished product. It's probably obvious, but the one of the right is the "redo" woofer, so you can see how the surround on the basket has a little bit too much glue and is therefore a little lumpy looking. It's on there strong, though, I tested them with some bass heavy songs at relatively high volume and everything held. You can also see that the replacement dust cap is made of a slightly thinner material than the originals. I've considered changing out the original dust cap on the other woofer for a replacement one, but you can't really tell the difference with the naked eye, so again, I think I'm going to let that go. Next time, as I stated above, I'll be using shims for both woofers, so it won't matter.
Here they are, with grills, hooked up to my Lepai 2020 that I am now using to test repaired/refurbished speakers, running off of my iPod classic via LOD cable.
I've listened to the speakers for an hour or so, and left them playing at low (-ish) volume for a couple more. Everything is holding, and they sound great! The bass performance is really surprising for a speaker of this size, but it's only there when it needs to be; I think I know what everyone means when they say these speakers are really fun! They're going to be used in my office, and they'll go really well with my Kenwood KA-7100 and eventually a turntable (until the TT, it'll just be Mac and iPod audio).
Now I'm considering stripping off the vinyl covers and replacing it with something nicer. Maybe some day, I have a stack of projects on my bench! As of right now, I'd say this one is completed and successful!
Breakdown:
$30 for Boston Acoustics A40s via auction site with local pickup
$25x2 = $50 for refoam kits
$15 for replacement tweeter via auction site
Total Cost: $95
The rest of what I used (tools, cleaning supplies, etc) I just had laying around the house or garage. $95 is more than I could have gotten a used pair for on the auction site, but not much, and I had a hand in bringing these back to life, so it was totally worth the extra money! I want to thank everyone who submitted their input, or even just took the time to read through this thread.