Personally I think the best turntables ever built were built in Japan back in the early to mid 80's. The engineers in Japan were masters of perfecting designs and bringing them into production at very reasonable cost. Look at the high end all mechanical cameras that they produced in very high quantity's.
They were very robust and most still work fine today.
They perfected DD motor systems that have specs that are still better than almost all TT built today. Computer controlled tonearms that can trace the most convoluted grooves, LT tables that are very hard to beat and produce amazing sound.
All of the high end Japanese company's were in competition with each other and had great pride in the out come of the flag ship products. No company today has the massive research and design (R&D) departments that the Japanese company's had at there disposal. Because of that I consider any of the upper tier TT from the Japanese giants the best TT ever built.
Nothing really new in technology has come out since than to make these TT obsolete. Sure big massive platters driven by a tiny belt or string with lot's of bling to look impressive are all the rage in the high end world but are they really any better? I don't think so at all. Bearing technology hasn't improved, lubrication certainly has and it can be applied to the older tables.
An interesting new servo controlled ballscrew driven LT tonearm has been introduced by Dereneville that will best the older electro-mechanical tonearms like the Yamaha PX-2 or the Pioneer PL-L1000 but it cost EU30,000 and they are only producing a small quantity. See link.
https://www.whatsbestforum.com/threads/dereneville-linear-scanning-of-the-grooves.28801/unread
It uses a swing tonearm on a linear tracking base. Main difference is the tracking angle is exceedingly small before being driven into tangency again by the servo. Heck, my Yamaha PX-3 never gets more that 0.15 degrees out of tangent before it's corrected.
The only problem with most of the older Japanese high end TT is the age. ANY table that uses micro processors to control functions MUST be recapped for it's own safety. After that is done any mechanical cleaning, lubrication and adjusting will reward you with the pinnacle of TT technology. Dampening of the plinth may bring benefits as well.
Remember, these tables are all 30 years or older. Rebuild them and enjoy for another 30 years or more.
With all the used TT on the market today I would wager that most of the mid ship models from that era would trounce any new turntable $1000.00 or under. A 1982 TT that cost $300.00 would cost $780.00 today. But remember, they had economy of scale that most manufactures don't enjoy today. Today a boutique manufacture might sell a few thousand units or at the upper end a few dozen. They are mostly handmade. Back then a new model might be built by the millions to sell to a world wide market, tooling cost for diecasting, stamping and injection molding could easily be recouped.
If you spend 3 to 4 hundred for an older TT and that much to refurbish it you will have a really great TT in most instances. I certainly wouldn't be looking for something new.
Of course this is only my opinion but it's been formulated by both a ton of reading and research and my few experiences with upper tier Japanese TT and what my friends use for their more modern TT. I could be full of utter nonsense but I don't think so.
BillWojo