Ok, but if I’m buying a used one that doesn’t have the device. Any suggestions? Paper? String?
Basically you can use a tape measure or a string.
The mounting distance is important otherwise the length of the slots in the headshell won't be able to compensate for the different alignments.
My favorite is to use a generic SME style adapter/sliding base, like these ones on alie:
www.aliexpress.com/item/1005005244106271.html
As you can see you can get them for different tonearm mouning diameters (the tonearm obviously has to have a round mounting shaft)
There are 2 major advantages to this type of sliding tonearm base imho:
1. because you have a really long sliding slot, you can fit different types of tonearms afterwards, so you only have to cut your armboard once. And any alignment will fit.
2. you can align your cartridge by sliding the base instead of sliding your cartridge in the headshell slots. This is a much easier and more controlled setup (lots of stylii die because of accidents during alignment).
So you just mount the cartridge in the headshell somewhere in the middle of the slots, in such a way that the cartridge sits 'straight'. And then by loosening the the screw in the base that holds the sliding part, you can very controlled slide it a bit forward or backward to align the arm with a protractor.
The only thing that doesn't work with this type of tonearm base is if you want to use something like an easyVTA (if that is available for your tonearm). The base obviously has VTA control (set screw) (that said, easyVTA has a version with sliding base, but only for 1 shaft diameter)
The nice thing about those SME style sliding tonearm bases is that you can get spacers (in brass, aluminium, plastic, wood etc) for them for underneath to raise to complete tonearm.
Like these
Spacer for SME Tone Arms CNC precision machined in the UK by SMD Acoustics this superbly made spacer is machined from a solid single piece of aluminium alloy for optimal performance. The spacer is 10mm thick and suits all SME tone arms from the 3009, 3010, 3012 through to the modern Series 300...
www.peakhifi.co.uk
Solid Brass Spacer for SME Tone Arms CNC precision machined in the UK by SMD Acoustics this superbly made spacer is machined from a solid single piece of brass for optimal performance. The spacer is 10mm thick and suits all SME tone arms from the 3009, 3010, 3012 through to the modern Series 300...
www.peakhifi.co.uk
(obviously more than these are available across the web)
As you're going to mount it on a 401, that is definately something that you'll need as the 401 is pretty high as deck+platter (if you're gonna use a flat upper deck on your plinth). Some tonearms might have a long enough mounting shaft, but if you extend most arms that high, things tend to get very wobbly.
A spacer solves that.