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Zilch's AK Design Collaborative - Econowave Speaker

tubino, passing an AC signal through a capacitor requires the current to reverse it's flow. Therefore, we need to differentiate between zero voltage crossing, and zero current crossing. Biasing the capacitors can only affect the zero voltage crossing, not the zero current crossing.

I'd be lying, unconvincingly, if I claimed I have a good intuitive grasp of the I-V relationship here. But I *did* notice that when I did a quick'n'dirty search of "zero crossing" AND "dielectric absorption", one of the first returns was something like "Distortion Spectra and the I-V Transfer Function at Zero Crossing" or something like that. Except it was about red shift or infrared or something unrelated (though maybe analogous) to audio.

Even with the current-voltage complication, I'm still convinced this business of cap behavior is well sorted out and published. It's just too fundamental to high-speed signal processing not to be in the textbooks.
 
My last post on teh previous page now has links to Steve's full articles, with descriptions of the test setup.
I believe your links answer some of the questions Jackgiff has.

Convincing enough for the Bauhausler to try it?

[Jack's gonna, I betcha.... ;) ]
 
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I believe your links answer some of the questions Jackgiff has.

Convincing enough for the Bauhausler to try it?

[Jack's gonna, I betcha.... ;) ]

I'm gonna hedge on this for now. I have great respect for Steve Bench's work. He's sort of the George Daniels of tube amps: knows inside and out exactly how things work and why, to the extent that he can work out a new design faster than most of us can find a pen. Steve's tests show nonlinearity in capacitors, and show that nonlinearity reduced by DC bias. So that I'll accept. The $64K question is always, say it with me,
"Is It Audible?"
Science says there's a measurable effect but not if the measurement produces a distortion you can hear. A capacitor sitting between the output transformer of a tube amp and the voice coil of a compression driver can have nonlinear behavior still might be the most linear thing in the system, with distortions all around it that swamp its hysterisis, dielectric absorption or whatever.
If I try something it will probably be a simple and gross test like inserting a large polarized electrolytic in series with teh tweeter and playing with biasing it to see what that sounds like.
Actually, anyone with 2-way speakers having bi-wire terminals can probably play this game. Put a 100 uf or larger polarized electrolytic cap in series with the 'hot' terminal of the tweeter speaker connectors - cap neg to amp and cap pos to tweeter - and connect the biasing network from teh hot terminal to the negative terminal. That's a biased electrolytic in series. If you try that and can't hear an improvement with teh electrolytic biased, then you definitely won't hear a difference from a biased film cap.

(EDIT)

I thought of a way to test this by remote control. I have a 4-channel remote control board with DPST relays. You could rig the biasing resistor to go to either 9V or ground according to the relay position. That way you could charge up or bleed off the bias from your listening chair. Not an immediate effect, but wouldn't it be interesting if switching modes could be easily heard while listening to music?
 
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<snip>

If I try something it will probably be a simple and gross test like inserting a large polarized electrolytic in series with teh tweeter and playing with biasing it to see what that sounds like.

<snip>

The audible effects of polarizing a polar electrolytic are well known and have been since at least the late 70s and maybe earlier. What's seems to be new here is the concept of polarizing an inherently non-polar (or at least much less polar) dielectric such as polyproplyene. Isn't this the basis of JBL's CC xover (and this branch of the thread)? Or did I miss something?...Easy to do in a thread of this length and breadth.
 
RusselC: There are good reasons that people are not just trying this despite the small parts count. It's a technical change that does increase the cost of the crossover. Many of us would undertake that only with a sound scientific basis behind the idea. I understand from reading the white paper on the K2.S5500 what they SAY it does but they don't cite any evidence that the capacitor bias produces measurable effects that have audible consequences. This is the hallmark of sound technology: measurable results that can be repeated by anyone. I'm not saying it's snake oil, just that they should at least send a sample to the lab and show us that the composition lacks all reptile ingredients.
Lots of us have been down this road before with unsupported audiophile tweaks. I've spent fortunes on power cords, speaker cables, interconnects, green paint for CDs, contact treatments, record weights, tube dampers, special plugs, footers, shelves, tuning cones and myriad audiophile folderol. Those products ranged from moderately useful to outright lies. The best and most reliable tweaks are those that have some science behind them.
When I built my EWave crossovers I spent an extra hour sorting resistors and capacitors to match them up within a couple of percent between channels. I know the differences between the drivers and other variables in the system swamp the small variations in the crossovers, but component values are one thing that I can control so I make sure my parts are in tight tolerance.
I'm not saying I won't try the biased crossover for my next pair of ewaves but I probably won't devote much cost or time to the experiment unless some hard evidence comes up.
The seriesed capacitors issue brings up another possibility for testing for the audibility of the bias effect. Since they're seriesed, polarized caps could be used in this circuit. All of the crossovers we've been building have used film caps so far because the values are small. In place of the .47 film cap, a pair of 1uf 25V electrolytics could be used. The positive terminals would be placed together and that would be the +9vdc bias point. 1uf 25VDC electrolytics are WAY smaller than film caps. They should have advantages in terms of inductance. Also, the dielectric should have a much less linear characteristic around zero than a film cap. This means that if there is any audible effect from biasing it should be very clearly heard using back to back electrolytics. If the sound of back to back electrolytics did not improve with biasing then I would seriously doubt that biasing film caps could have an audible effect in that application.
You could even raise the stakes: in place of a .47uf film cap use a .5uf film cap in series with a 100uf 25V polar electrolytic. If there's a benefit to polarizing a dielectric, you'd definitely hear it there.

I really dont mean to belabor the argument/discussion, but just a min....you state that this mod is a "technical change" and "increases cost" so you need a "good scientific basis" in order to go forward, yet you go to the trouble to match resistors and caps within a couple of percent between channel. I suppose the upshot is that you see that as an improvement in performance
over the standard 5 percent or so. Where's the proven scientific basis for that change that also increases cost? I think once you try it you will find a greater improvement with CC than matching that last couple of percent.

As to the decreased inductance, my thought is that is a red herring, the amount is trivial when compared to that naturally existing in the set up, i.e., the voice coil, and the coils themselves. While it may have some measurable effect, I've never seen it make an audible one, (and Ive used some big film caps,) other than improved sound over non P. electros. If that were of signifigance, why dont we all use tiny electros instead of films? The reason I dont is they dont sound good, and no scientific basis is needed for that., whether they have less inductance or not.

I dont mean to be argumentative, but several here continue to dismiss the idea without trying it. Fairly non objective viewpoint. I mean really, this came from those who have forgotten more than most of us here will ever know, its installed in speakers costing as much as a really nice luxury cars, some of which have frequency extention to 30khz. Plus, I have tried it and would be the first to admit I didnt detect an improvement, but the simple fact is I did, and I feel it is signifigant enough to encourage its use. for all you I need proof types, build it. If you have time and parts to match resistors and caps so close, this should be a walk in the park. I just used the regular Daytons as they came from PE. The regular ones, not the 1 % ones.
I like things to be verified to, especially when I'm being doubted, so rather than speculate why it wont work, why not try it, then if you are right you can give your validated opinion, rather than unsubstantiated criticism. It is begining to seem you only need validaton for what you are not in agreement with here. I do not mind being critiqued on this, I am inviting it. Otherwise, I would have kept it to myself, after all.

I have nothing to prove, the circuit represents an improvement, whether anyone else tries it or not. If you have strong feelings against it, dont try it. But its not fair to validate your own points and criticize mine, based on no more than some observations that you havent taken time to make. I do not want this to sink to an argument, thats not my purpose. Then all learning stops.

For the curious, build the circuit carefully, make sure all is right and try it.
perhaps if a handful of us bought the parts, had someone who makes pretty crossovers build it, we could send it around to each other to try? I'll be glad to contribute, as I honestly feel this cross over represents a definate improvement in the Ewave.

If anyone has questions, feel free to ask, and I encourage all of you to try this circuit and see if you agree. I feel fairly strongly it will be perceived as an improvement, Honest, I dont have investments in PE or Dayton! I present this information in the spirit of econowave, as an honest improvement. Those not interested, OK... I mean really, the basic crossover is great.
Nothing wrong with it. At all.

Russellc
 
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On an unrelated note...

a pair of JBL 4425's for sale locally for $800, I'm sorely tempted:tears:

quick, tell me my Ewaves are superior!
 
I don't really want to listen to capacitors. I want to listen to Neko Case sing Deep Red Bells in a way that's almost too spooky to play in an empty house.
The speakers I'm using at the moment, Linn Isobarik DMS are chock full of huge electrolytic caps. The crossover is the size of an LP sleeve and sits loose in the speaker stand. There are at least NP electro 15 caps of 68 and 30uf values in each channel. I've wondered if these speakers wouldn't sound better with the mids and treble (they're tri-wirable) run from a single-supply transistor power amp with about 30V of bias on the output. After all, if the speaker has blocking capacitance why does the amp need to have 0VDC on the output?
In most sections of this crossover the electrolytic makes up the bulk of the capacitance but there's also a film cap in parallel. I suspect this was done by Linn because of some desirable characteristic of the film cap,as they're considerably more expensive than NP electros and the typical Linn customer cares no more what parts are in the crossover than a Jaguar owner cares if the carpets are nylon or polyester.

I'm not trying this tweak out immediately because I have a lot of other things I can do to improve the performance of speakers, amplifiers, CD players, Preamps, etc. that are not matters of speculation. Biased capacitors are interesting but the potential benefit is way down the list below stuff like reinforced cabinets, correct room positioning, matched transistors and so on. I'm not saying that CC doesn't improve the sound, just that it's not the most worthwhile use of my bench time at this moment. Not while I have a pile of old Marantz receivers to work my way through this week.
 
...and the typical Linn customer cares no more what parts are in the crossover than a Jaguar owner cares if the carpets are nylon or polyester.
Ya know, I would have thought that, too. But when I Googled Linn Esobarik, I found at least 3 threads of guys intent on hot-rodding them! Blew my mind, right there, it did. Maybe not "typical Linn customers"...
Biased capacitors are interesting but the potential benefit is way down the list below stuff like reinforced cabinets, correct room positioning, matched transistors and so on.
I'm pretty much on board with this, also. I'm thinking that, at the higher frequencies where CC might make a difference, that you're talking about millivolts of signal, anyhow. And we have the testimony of RussellC, whom I have no reason whatsoever to doubt. Inquiring minds just want to know... :stupid:

Edit: Sure hope Tubino's contacts come up with something, so I don't have to actually go out and do the damn research!
 
On an unrelated note...

a pair of JBL 4425's for sale locally for $800, I'm sorely tempted:tears:

quick, tell me my Ewaves are superior!

For 800, stick with the ewaves. If you are going with this series of speakers, don't stop short of the 4430.
 
"Ya know, I would have thought that, too. But when I Googled Linn Esobarik, I found at least 3 threads of guys intent on hot-rodding them! Blew my mind, right there, it did. Maybe not "typical Linn customers"..."


I wouldn't consider what's found on internet discussion boards representative of the buyers of any product. If you were to judge the Ford Mustang from the action on the owners' boards it's underpowered and needs hot rodding. I'm sure it's the same with vacuum cleaners and toasters. It's the technically inclined who are doing all the talking while the majority of purchasers just use the thing the way it was sold.

Now I need to tackle that pile of Marantzes. Where do all these things come from, anyway? I sold off 8 22xx series receivers a year ago and now there are at least 4 laying around underfoot.
 
I'm not going to even pretend I comprehend much of this conversation, however if someone were to sketch a layout I would like to experiment the the cc xover on my second pair econowaves using LE14's and the 220 driver.

Thanks
George
 
Loss? maybe and maybe not. Not all applications are the same. The Ewave is not a K2.S5500. The crossovers are different in several details and the drivers are completely different. What is significant for one may not be for another.
To put it another way, if you have a Ferrari you'd better be putting premium gas in it because that's what it's designed for. My Honda derives no benefit from octane over the 87 it was designed for.
Technology that is essential for one application may have no effect in a different situation.

Agreed. but if you turbocharged the honda, installed an intercooler and altered the fuel management, you'd need premium. A honda is not a Ferrari.
and an Ewave is not a K@.S550, but the CC offers an improvement to both in my opinion as well as others. What's everyone afraid of? Its only a crossover
no change of religion required, honest!:D

Cheers,

Russellc
 
:thmbsp:
The thing about Econowave is that we can, or want to, or at least try to understand what's going on. We're not manufacturing companies, nor engineering institutions. To state the obvious.:D
We're speaker students. Not a trivial pursuit!

I feel lucky to have access to all your ideas.
Pour it on.

A very healthy viewpoint, it encourages open minds and experimentation, which in turn allows learning. I am interested to see what the EE say, although I have argued at lenght with an EE friend of mine over whether or not ANY cap could possibly sound better than another. Obviously not an audio EE! Throw one together and give an opinion! Curious minds want to know!:D

russellc
 
I've read the linked Timbers white papers a couple of times and agree with your general assessment. As you point out, the paper contains many technical non-sequiturs and misapplied concepts. Probably the result of writing for the intended, non-technical audience. Ultimately the whole thing strikes me as a case of creating a product feature for the sake of market differentiation. The feature might have some basis in fact but in this app, it's marginal at best and benign at worst so why not?

Based on Tubino's recent post, it appears that we're going to get some academic input on the subject. Won't be surprised if there is indeed a well documented, detectable, dielectric crossover effect. I doubt that the audibility of the effect will be addressed so we'll be left where we are now WRT its significance in speaker xovers. Ultimately I’m left wondering why, if the effect is real and significant, the best solution isn’t development (or use) of a better cap.

Agreed. Much easier just to throw one together. Technical changes be damned, its just a crossover, not a religion. Then the questions answered for the one person's ears that really matters: Yours!:yes:

Russellc
 
You didn't read the bit where I said I almost undoubtedly will try building it?

Do you think I really want to buy a scope? :no:

I await your findings. It isnt the end of the world type of change. I tried it and found just as reported, initial fizzy sound which quickly settles in, then improved clarity, especially on decay sounds. while there's no lightning, there is an improvement signifigant enough to try it, and all I wish to do is pass that along. Its well worth adding to the collective knowledge of E'wave.

Russellc
 
I'm not going to even pretend I comprehend much of this conversation, however if someone were to sketch a layout I would like to experiment the the cc xover on my second pair econowaves using LE14's and the 220 driver.
I'll try and make time to do that, but DE 250s and AR3as are calling me here.... ;)
 
I don't really want to listen to capacitors. I want to listen to Neko Case sing Deep Red Bells in a way that's almost too spooky to play in an empty house.
The speakers I'm using at the moment, Linn Isobarik DMS are chock full of huge electrolytic caps. The crossover is the size of an LP sleeve and sits loose in the speaker stand. There are at least NP electro 15 caps of 68 and 30uf values in each channel. I've wondered if these speakers wouldn't sound better with the mids and treble (they're tri-wirable) run from a single-supply transistor power amp with about 30V of bias on the output. After all, if the speaker has blocking capacitance why does the amp need to have 0VDC on the output?
In most sections of this crossover the electrolytic makes up the bulk of the capacitance but there's also a film cap in parallel. I suspect this was done by Linn because of some desirable characteristic of the film cap,as they're considerably more expensive than NP electros and the typical Linn customer cares no more what parts are in the crossover than a Jaguar owner cares if the carpets are nylon or polyester.

I'm not trying this tweak out immediately because I have a lot of other things I can do to improve the performance of speakers, amplifiers, CD players, Preamps, etc. that are not matters of speculation. Biased capacitors are interesting but the potential benefit is way down the list below stuff like reinforced cabinets, correct room positioning, matched transistors and so on. I'm not saying that CC doesn't improve the sound, just that it's not the most worthwhile use of my bench time at this moment. Not while I have a pile of old Marantz receivers to work my way through this week.

Hey! I agree 100% with this statement. Hope I havent ruffled anyone, I was just excited about my findings. While there are a few here who are deeper into this than I, I've been at it almost 40 years, not quite and have been around the audio block a few times. I'm not easily fooled by "improvements"
peddled to this particular hobby. What I'm trying to say is "Wow, there really, really seems to be something to this CC thing" is all. I feel certain that once a few try this, you will feel the same.

Russellc
 
Ah thank you, maybe it's just those cheeky waveguides...almost impossible to resist:D
Find a pair of those, then. I just measured them last week:

http://www.audiokarma.org/forums/showthread.php?p=2544239#post2544239


I don't really want to listen to capacitors. I want to listen to Neko Case sing Deep Red Bells in a way that's almost too spooky to play in an empty house.
Coupla wire nuts and a 9V battery, and you could have been doing that for several days, already.... ;)
 
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