I had to repair a pair of 601 Series II for a gentleman recently and fixed the same (seemingly common) issue as in this thread so I thought I'd share what I found:
- Main drivers (at least in the Series II) are wired in series, do not use the crossover, and both appear to be the same
- Both drivers (in working condition) will measure around 3Ω across the woofer terminals
If bass response seems low in one or both speakers, the first thing to check is that the drivers aren't dead, and then that they are wired in correct polarity. As mentioned above already, there is a high likelihood that by this age the speakers will have seen previous work, and as a result a good chance someone will have wired some of the speakers out of phase. In my case one of the speakers had one of the two bass drivers replaced earlier in its life (with the genuine Bose part), however the installer had wired the woofer back to front.
If you look closely at the woofer terminals one of them will have a + sign (and on the tweeters the same is indicated by one coloured/painted red), this was marked correctly on all the drivers in my case, but the test mentioned by half_speed (applying small DC voltage and noting which direction moves the cone "out") will show correct polarity also. You don't need 10V, I used 2 AA 1.5V batteries, even one should be fine, don't apply for more than a second.
If one woofer is wired correctly and the other out of phase, the bass will indeed cancel out, even though both drivers continue to work.
Swapping the wires on the incorrect woofer fixed mine.
The original issue with this pair was with the tweeters however, so I'll add that info here too:
- Tweeters should also measure around 2.8 - 3.0 Ω each
- The blown tweeter on this unit measured very high resistance (in the MΩ)
- Tweeters on 601 Series II are compatible with 301 Series II (and Series III) as well as 601 Series III. You cannot use Series I or IV.
- In my case I used tweeters from the 301 Series II and they worked perfectly
- The cones are fragile so make sure you handle them with care, and if being shipped, that the seller packs with care
- The crossover is used for the tweeters only, these parts were all in spec on both of these speakers in my case
Finally, binding posts had come loose which was causing the sound to drop out when they were moved sometimes, I pulled them apart and reassembled tightly using a tiny drop of loctite on the part of the threads where the nut clamps the bolt to the speaker - so that in future use turning the finger nut outside won't be likely to unscrew the terminal nut/s. Don't get any loctite on plastic if doing this.
Hope it's useful to someone in future.