Have you tried the VinylEngine's library? May have the manuals for both your TT & TA.
By "old stiff grease", I assume you mean there's old grease in the arm's vertical bearings...? Where else could old grease affect needle pressure (technically called "vertical tracking force" and abbreviated VTF)?I know it’s an old arm, and it might be old stiff grease that is to blame, but i’m not sure how to dissasemble the arm correctly. The arm seems to be moving freely and it is not the arm lifter that’s obstructing.
Here is a the pic of Phillip Holmes (Mockingbird Distribution LLC) DP80 with SA1-2. Phillip brings in the Sorane & GrooveMaster tonearms and other products. This is an early VPI suspended plinth, which looks to be the same as my HW-19 IV plinth without the pulley hole. Phillip tells me he recapped his DP80 due to leaking caps. Probably should pop my DP80 open and check the physical condition of its caps to be on the safe side.
View attachment 1504806

Philip is a good guy, but that's a long way to ship for a recap. Several capable folks local to us (Phila-NYC region) could have done that for you.Phillip is recapping my DP 1000 as we speak.....
I’m going the “least amount of electronics possible” route...pairing it with a jelco 750e...
love Denon TT’s...
Strange that both lock-nuts were removed, and lost. Someone, who didn't know what he was doing, really wanted to "play" with the bearing adjustment. They may be hard to replace, but it's a metric thread and you could use hex-nuts. You can find them at any good hardware store, and they'll be easier to adjust without a special tool, which may also be hard to find. You could use a small socket-head to loosen/tighten, with a (looks like) Allen key through it for the adjusting.
Still, I don't see how any of the defects you describe can account for the VTF "changing itself" while playing a record. This may be one of those gremlins that just disappears when you reinstate the arm to good condition, and you'll never know why — no AHA! moment, which can be frustrating — but Oh Well, It's Working Now is even better.

Philip is a good guy, but that's a long way to ship for a recap. Several capable folks local to us (Phila-NYC region) could have done that for you.
Weird that someone would manage to break those set-screws. That would take quite a bit of force. May be difficult to find proper replacements. You could grind off the broken ends and cut a new slot. There are plenty of threads, so that would not create any strength problems.On the picture you can see the two screws, being broken and there is some rust og old grease on the conic part.
That looks totally abused to me and who knows what damage has been done to the bearings. It takes a lot of force to break out the hex portion, a lot less force will damage the bearings. I would budget for another tonearm. That would explain your wandering VTF.
BillWojo