Actually you do not have to break the thing, just get a phono preamp. for this type of unit I thing there were Radioshack and Shure and who knows units for like twenty bucks.
If nothing else you can probably build one, or appropriate one out of a defunct receiver or amp. Since you are into the thing I am sure you can probably find it a voltage source. I can look around at my junk and see if I have one that'll run on a single ended supply because the odds of that thing having plus and minus supplies are slim and none and someone just shot slim.
The other thing is watch the needle. you usually do not need fancy gauges n ****. You can look at the position of the stylus as it plays. Is it really mooshed down up into the body of the cartridge ? Is it skewed one way or the other. This tells you if it is tracking half decent. And that is not all about sound quality here, it is also about not wearing out your vinyl. It DOES wear and you can tell, usually especially at the end of the side where the groove velocity is the slowest and the tracking error most extreme.
If you are restoring something like this, you might want to look into better speakers. They were usually the weakest link in the chain back then. Worse than the ceramic cartridge actually. Get the print and we can modify the amp too and give it some real sound. You already changed it. If there was any intrinsic value having the all original needle and all that, it is gone. So go for it.
Go ahead, go to Simply Speakers or whatever and get some decent speakers for it, insulate the speaker enclosures. Maybe a couple of amp mods, which we get to once we get a print.
Might as well, what the hell.