merlynski
Curmudgeon Electronicist
I worked many years as a QA bench tech and Engineering Tech on high end commercial video and audio recording equipment, in a production environment, and saw my fair share of bad brand new parts. Infant mortality was an issue as well, especially for semiconductors. Many boards got burned in in power-up racks and/or run through a heating and cooling chamber. Then the fully assembled and tested machine got an 8 hour period in a hot-room in full operation, before Final System Test and calibration..